内科

目的探究妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）发生的影响因素，并分析其与妊娠早期膳食铁摄入量相关性。方法选取1 094例定期产检的孕妇作为研究对象，应用多因素Logistic回归模型分析GDM发生的影响因素，应用Pearson相关性分析研究GDM发生与妊娠早期膳食铁摄入量的相关性。结果 1 094例孕妇中，189例（17.28%）诊断为GDM。多因素Logistic回归模型分析结果显示，年龄≥35岁、孕前月经周期紊乱、膳食结构不均衡、妊娠早期膳食铁摄入量高和甘油三酯水平高均是孕妇发生GDM的危险因素（均P＜0.05）。GDM的发生风险与妊娠早期膳食铁摄入呈正相关（r=0.537，P＜0.001）。结论年龄≥35岁、孕前月经周期紊乱、膳食结构不均衡、妊娠早期膳食铁摄入量高和甘油三酯水平高均是孕妇发生GDM的危险因素，且GDM发生风险与妊娠早期妇女膳食铁摄入量呈正相关。

Objective To explore influencing factors of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and analyze its association with dietary iron intake in the early trimester of pregnancy. Methods A total of 1,094 pregnant women with regular pregnancy check-ups were selected as the study subjects. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of GDM. Pearson correlation analysis was used to study the association between the occurrence of GDM and dietary iron intake in the early trimester of pregnancy. Results Among the 1,094 pregnant women, 189 (17.28%) were diagnosed with GDM. The results of multivariate logistic regression model analysis showed that age ≥ 35 years, pre-pregnancy menstrual cycle disorder, unbalanced dietary structure, and high dietary iron intake and high triglyceride level in the early trimester of pregnancy were risk factors of GDM in pregnant women (all P<0.05). The risk of GDM was positively correlated with dietary iron intake in the early trimester of pregnancy (r=0.537, P<0.001). Conclusion Age ≥ 35 years, pre-pregnancy menstrual cycle disorder, unbalanced dietary structure, and high dietary iron intake and high triglyceride level in the early trimester of pregnancy are risk factors of GDM in pregnant women, and the risk of GDM is positively correlated with dietary iron intake in women in the early trimester of pregnancy.