内科

目的以临床分析为基础，总结小儿急性溶血性贫血（简称急性溶贫）的临床特征。方法对所收治的83例急性溶贫患儿的病因、临床表现、实验室检查、治疗及转归等情况进行回顾性分析。结果急性溶贫患儿男性多于女性，男 ∶女比为2.2 ∶1；发病时间：每月均有发病，春季发病最多；病因以红细胞G6PD缺乏症最多（32.53%），其次为各种诱因导致地中海贫血溶血急性加剧（31.33%）；主要诱因是服用蚕豆或呼吸道感染临床以中、重度贫血多见（62.65%）；平均住院天数5.80 d。98.8%的病人病情稳定出院。结论急性溶贫患儿以男性居多，G6PD缺乏症、地中海贫血急性加剧为主要病因；临床上以中、重度贫血多见，诊断处理及时，近期预后良好。

ObjectiveTo summarize clinical characteristics of children acute hemolytic anemia(AHA) by analyzing clinical data of children with AHA.MethodsClinical data,such as causes,manifestations,laboratory findings,therapy and prognosis of AHA in 83 cases of children were studied retrospectively,so as to summarize the experience of treating and preventing AHA.ResultsThe prevalence rate of AHA was higher in male than female(the rate was 2.2:1).AHA occured at any season, but there were more patients in spring.The most common cause of AHA is G6PD deficiency(32.53%), the secondary cause is exacerbation of thalassemia due to some stress (31.33%).Ingestion of fava bean or infection of respiratory tract was the major agent of triggering AHA. Intermediate and severe anemia were the most common type of AHA(62.65%).The average stay in hospital was 5.80 days and 98% of the patients recovered from AHA.ConclusionAHA more likely occurs in male than female.G-6-PD deficiency and exacerbation of thalassemia are major causes. Intermediate and severe anemia is the most common type of AHA.With timely diagnosis and treatment,we can receive a favorable prognosis.

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