Objective To explore the clinical features of patients with perianal tuberculosis infection. Methods The clinical data of 24 patients with perianal tuberculosis were retrospectively analyzed, and the correlations of the initiation time of anti-tuberculosis treatment and the tuberculin skin test reactivity with the wound healing time were analyzed by Spearman rank correlation. Results The 24 patients with perianal tuberculosis were mostly young and middle-aged people, and there were more males than females and more urban residents than rural residents. Imaging examinations showed 4 cases combined with pulmonary tuberculosis; in the tuberculin skin test, 1 case (4.16%) was negative, 7 cases (29.17%) weakly positive, 10 cases (41.67%) positive, and 6 cases (25.00%) strongly positive; in the tuberculosis infection T cell test, 20 cases were positive. There was a correlation between the initiation time of anti-tuberculosis treatment and wound healing time in patients with perianal tuberculosis (rs=0.950，P＜0.05). There was no correlation between the tuberculin skin test reactivity and wound healing time in patients with perianal tuberculosis (rs=0.017，P＞0.05). Conclusion The efficacy of the tuberculin skin test and tuberculosis infection T cell test are unsatisfied in the diagnosis of perianal tuberculosis, there is no an obvious correlation between the tuberculin skin test reactivity and wound healing time, but there is a correlation between the initiation time of anti-tuberculosis treatment and wound healing time in patients with perianal tuberculosis. Patients with perianal lesions should undergo relevant examinations in time to exclude perianal tuberculosis infection, so as to reduce the missed diagnosis of perianal tuberculosis and improve the treatment effect.

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