Objective To analyze the benefits of the single disease fine management, aiming at providing references for the management of single disease in medical institutions. Methods The quality management data of thyroid nodules (surgical treatment, policy implementation group) and mixed hemorrhoids (surgical treatment, control group) in a class A tertiary general hospital from 2019 to 2022 were analyzed, and the Difference-In-Differences model was used to analyze the average hospitalization costs, drug costs, examination costs, consumables costs, surgical costs, and other costs of patients with thyroid nodules (surgical treatment) before and after the implementation of the single disease fine management policy. Results After the implementation of the single disease fine management policy, the average hospitalization costs of patients with thyroid nodules (surgical treatment) decreased by 15.21%, of which the surgical costs decreased by 36.24% and the other costs decreased by 22.89%. Conclusion The implementation of the single disease fine management can effectively improve the benefit indicators of single disease, reduce the operating costs of public hospitals, and promote the high-quality development of hospitals.

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