ObjectiveTo explore the changes of plasma C-peptide levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and the relationship between lower extremity peripheral nerve vascular lesions and plasma C-peptide levels. MethodsA total of 312 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into four groups according to ABI： normal group (ABI=0.9-1.3, with normal doppler velocity and pulse wave form), mildly abnormal group (ABI=0.9-0.7, with abnormal doppler velocity and pulse wave form), moderately abnormal (ABI=0.4-0.7, with abnormal doppler velocity and pulse wave form) and severely abnormal group (ABI＜0.4, with abnormal doppler velocity and pulse wave form). Fasting and 2-hour postprandial C-peptide levels were determined, the receiver-operating characteristic(ROC) curve was used to find the best critical point of C-peptide levels for the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with lower extremity peripheral nerve vascular lesions. Results No statistical significance was found among four groups in the levels of fasting C-peptide (P＞0.05), the levels of 2-hour postprandial C-peptide was increased in the following order: normal group, mildly abnormal group, moderately abnormal group, but the levels of 2-hour postprandial C-peptide in the severely abnormal group was significantly lower than that in the normal group, there was significant difference in the levels of 2-hour postprandial C-peptide among four groups(P＜0.05). The max Youden′s index was 0.429 when 2-hour postprandial C-peptide was 1.164 μg/L. ConclusionsThe fasting C-peptide might be not related to early lower extremity peripheral nerve vascular lesions, but 2-hour postprandial C-peptide might be helpful to predict the early lower extremity peripheral nerve vascular lesions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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