内科

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声在小乳腺癌中的诊断价值。方法对经病理证实的62例肿块≤2 cm的小乳腺癌患者和39例乳腺良性肿瘤患者的B超及彩色多普勒超声结果进行回顾性分析。二维超声观察肿瘤的形态、边界、内部回声、内部钙化灶及肿瘤纵横径比，彩超观察肿瘤内血流信号、血管支分布情况，测量动脉血流最高流速（Vmax）、搏动指数（PI）和阻力指数（RI）。结果小乳腺癌与良性肿瘤的肿块二维超声声像图表现存在差异，恶性肿块大部分形态不规则，边界不整齐，内部回声不均匀，肿块纵横径比≥1.0，肿块内部出现微小钙化灶。彩超对乳腺良恶性肿块的血流显示率分别为30.7%和95.2%；小乳腺癌肿块内动脉血管走形多表现为传入性和中心性，良性肿块多表现为周围性；恶性肿块动脉血流最高流速（Vmax）、搏动指数（PI）和阻力指数（RI）显著高于良性肿块，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。结论二维超声结合彩色多普勒显像在提高小乳腺癌的检测率中有重要临床意义。

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical diagnosis value of color doppler ultrasonography in small breast cancer. Methods62 cases of small breast cancer with lump less than 2 cm size and 39 cases of benign breast tumor were enrolled, all patients were confirmed by pathology, and a retrospective analysis of these patients was performed for the color doppler ultrasonography.The shape and edge of lumps, the internal echo, the calcification within the lumps and the length/ width were detected by using 2-dimensional ultrasonography, the signals, distributions of vessels and the parameters (Vmax,PI,RI)of artery blood stream inside the lumps were detected by using color doppler ultrasonography. ResultsThere were differences in the two-dimensional ultrasound image of small breast cancer and benign tumor, the majority malignant tumors appeared as irregalar shape and uneven echoic,length/ width≥1 and microcalcification within the lumps. The vascular detecting rate of color doppler ultrasound in benign and malignant groups were30.7% and 95.2% respectively; the malignant tumors manifested mostly as irruptive and central arterial vessal while the benign tumbers peripheral;the Vmax ,PI and VI within tumors of breast cancer was higher than that in benign breast tumor, the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.01 ). ConclusionsThe combination of two-dimensional ultrasonography and color doppler ultrasonography revealed clinically significance in improving the detection rate of small breast cancer.