内科

目的探讨子宫内膜癌（EC）患者子宫内膜癌组织、癌旁组织10号染色体上缺失磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源基因（PTEN）、B细胞淋巴瘤 2基因（Bcl-2）的表达情况及其临床意义。方法选取2018年1月至2019年1月我院收治的EC患者78例作为研究对象，检测比较患者子宫内膜癌组织及癌旁组织的PTEN、Bcl-2表达情况；术后随访患者2年，比较复发与未复发患者癌组织的PTEN、Bcl-2表达情况。结果EC患者癌组织的PTEN阳性率显著低于癌旁组织，癌组织的Bcl-2阳性率显著高于癌旁组织，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。Ⅰ、Ⅱ期患者癌组织的PTEN阳性率显著高于Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者，而Bcl-2阳性率显著低于Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。G1级患者癌组织的PTEN阳性率高于G2和G3级患者，G2级患者的PTEN阳性率显著高于G3级患者，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；G1级患者癌组织的Bcl-2阳性率显著低于G2和G3级患者，G2级患者的Bcl-2阳性率显著低于G3级患者，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。78例患者中，术后2年内复发43例，复发患者癌组织的Bcl-2阳性率显著高于未复发患者，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；复发与未复发患者癌组织的PTEN阳性率比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论EC患者癌组织PTEN、Bcl-2的表达情况与肿瘤的发生发展及复发关系比较密切，检测子宫内膜PTEN、Bcl-2的表达情况可对EC患者进行早期筛查诊断，并对患者的术后复发情况进行比较准确的评估，为术后延续治疗提供参考。

ObjectiveTo explore the expression and clinical significance of phosphates and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten gene (PTEN) and B cell lymghoma 2 gene (Bcl-2) in cancer tissues and adjacent cancer tissues of patients with endometrial carcinoma (EC). MethodsA total of 78 EC patients admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to January 2019 were selected as the research objects. The expression of PTEN, Bcl-2 in EC tissues and adjacent cancer tissues of patients were detected and compared. Patients were followed up for 2 years after surgery to compare the expression of PTEN and Bcl-2 in cancer tissues of patients with or without recurrence. ResultsThe positive rate of PTEN in cancer tissues of EC patients was significantly lower than that in adjacent cancer tissues, while the positive rate of Bcl-2 in cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent cancer tissues, with statistically significant differences (P＜0.05). The positive rate of PTEN of cancer tissues from patients at stages Ⅰ and Ⅱ were significantly higher than those at stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ, while the positive rate of Bcl-2 were significantly lower than those at stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ, with statistically significant differences (P＜0.05). The positive rate of PTEN in cancer tissues of G1 patients was higher than that of G2 and G3 patients, and the positive rate of PTEN in G2 patients was significantly higher than that of G3 patients, with statistically significant differences (P＜0.05). The positive rate of Bcl-2 in cancer tissues of G1 patients was significantly lower than that of G2 and G3 patients, and the positive rate of Bcl-2 in G2 patients was significantly lower than that of G3 patients, with statistically significant differences (P＜0.05). Among the 78 patients, 43 cases recurred within 2 years after surgery, and the positive rate of Bcl-2 in cancer tissues of patients with recurrence was significantly higher than that of patients without recurrence, with a statistically significant difference (P＜0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the positive rate of PTEN between cancer tissues from recurrence and non-recurrence patients (P＞0.05). ConclusionThe expression of PTEN and Bcl-2 in cancer tissues of patients with EC is closely related to the occurrence, development and recurrence of EC. Detection of the expression of PTEN and Bcl-2 in endometrium can be used for early screening and diagnosis of EC patients, and for accurate evaluation of postoperative recurrence of patients, so as to provide reference for postoperative continuation of treatment.