内科

目的观察卒中相关性肺炎（SAP）大鼠模型的胃肠动力和肠道病理改变，为深入研究SAP患者胃肠功能障碍提供参考。方法选取12只Sprague-Dawley雄性大鼠，随机将其分为假手术组和模型组，每组6只。采用线栓法结合气管注射铜绿假单胞菌法建立SAP模型。禁食不禁水造模后24 h时记录大鼠一般状态，采用Longa评分法评价两组大鼠神经功能缺损情况，检测胃残留量和小肠推进率；取肺组织匀浆进行细菌培养，采用氯化三苯基四氮唑（TTC）染色法观察脑梗死灶情况，苏木精- 伊红(hematoxylin-eosin, HE)染色法观察脑、肺、结肠组织病理改变。结果与假手术组相比，模型组大鼠一般状态差，体质量降低，体温升高，神经功能缺损评分升高，小肠推进率降低（均P＜0.05）。模型组大鼠肺组织匀浆培养可见铜绿假单胞菌菌落，脑组织TTC染色见缺血梗死灶；脑组织病理可见脑组织结构疏松、神经元数量减少、炎性细胞浸润；肺组织病理可见以细支气管为中心发生实变，肺泡轮廓隐约可见，肺泡腔内可见大量红细胞渗出，肺间质水肿、增厚、大量炎性细胞浸润；结肠组织病理可见结肠黏膜上皮层细胞缺失，固有层腺体排列紊乱，有较多炎性细胞与红细胞浸润，黏膜下层可见血管增生。结论线栓法结合气管注射铜绿假单胞菌建立的SAP大鼠模型具有明显的胃肠动力减退和肠道病理改变，为SAP患者胃肠功能障碍的研究奠定了良好的基础。

ObjectiveTo observe changes in gastrointestinal motility and intestinal pathology in stroke-associated pneumonia(SAP) rat models and to provide references for further study of gastrointestinal dysfunction in SAP patients. MethodsTwelve male Sprague-Dawley rats were selected and randomly divided into a sham-operated group or a model group, with 6 rats in each group. The SAP models were established by the suture-occluded method combined with the intratracheal injection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The general state of the rats was recorded 24 hours after modeling with water fasting. The Longa was used to assess the neurological deficits of the two groups of rats, and their gastric residual volume and small intestine propulsion rate were detected. The lung tissue homogenate was collected for bacterial culture, cerebral infarction focus condition was observed by triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, and cerebral, pulmonary, and colonic. histo pathological changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. ResultsCompared with the sham-operated group, rats in the model group had a poor general state, a lower body weight, a higher body temperature, an increased neurological deficits score, and a decreased small intestine propulsion rate(all P＜0.05). Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonies were found in the lung tissue homogenate of the rats in the model group after culture, and ischemic infarction foci were seen in the brain tissues after TTC staining; cerebral histopathology showed a loose brain tissue structure, a decreased neurons, and inflammatory cell infiltration; lung histopathology showed consolidation with bronchioles as the center, with the alveolar outline faintly visible, and a large number of red blood cells in the alveolar cavity, as well as interstitial edema, thickening and massive inflammatory cell infiltration; colonic histopathology showed the loss of cells in the epithelial layer of colonic mucosa, disordered arrangement of glands in the lamina propria, more inflammatory cells and red blood cell infiltration, and vascular proliferation in the submucosa. ConclusionThe rat models of SAP established by the suture-occluded method combined with the intratracheal injection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa show obvious gastrointestinal hypomotility and intestinal pathological changes, which provides a sound foundation for the research of SAP patients′ gastrointestinal dysfunction.