ObjectiveTo analyze the effects of metformin combined with sitagliptin on bone metabolism and carotid artery elasticity in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. MethodsA total of 89 T2DM patients treated in our hospital from May 2019 to May 2020 were selected as research objects and randomly divided into two groups, among which the control group(n=44) was treated with metformin, based on which the observation group(n=45) was treated with sitagliptin additionally, and both groups were treated for 12 consecutive months. The following indices were compared between the two groups of patients before and 12 months after the treatment, including the blood glucose level, the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function(HOMA-β) index, soluble tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-like weak inducer of apoptosis(sTWEAK), TNF-α, plasma 25 hydroxyvitamin D3［25(OH)D3］, β-isomer of carboxyl-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (β-CTx), osteocalcin(OCN), and total type Ⅰ procollagen amino-terminal propeptide（tPINP) levels, as well as pressure-strain elastic modulus(Ep), arterial compliance(AC), rigid coefficient, and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). ResultsAfter the treatment, the following indices increased in the two groups, including the HOMA-β index, sTWEAK, plasma 25［OH］D3, and OCN levels, and they were higher in the observation group than in the control group; the other indices decreased in the two groups, including the fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, TNF-α levels and HOMA-IR index, as well as the Ep, AC, rigid coefficient, and CIMT, and they were lower in the observation group than in the control group(all P＜0.05). ConclusionThe combined treatment of metformin and sitagliptin in T2DM patients can effectively adjust their insulin sensitivity and inflammatory factors levels, control their blood glucose, and improve their bone metabolism and carotid artery elasticity.

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