ObjectiveTo investigate whether there is abnormal cardiac autonomic nerve activity in patients with preeclampsia in early pregnancy, and to analyze the influencing factors for preeclampsia. MethodsA total of 2 500 pregnant women who underwent routine prenatal electrocardiogram examination in outpatient clinics in early pregnancy (8-12 weeks of pregnancy) were selected and followed up until 2 weeks after delivery, among which 1 235 pregnant women were screened out as research subjects (1 200 cases who successfully delivered without gestational hypertension disease as the healthy group, and 35 cases who had preeclampsia as the preeclampsia group). The short-term heart rate variability indicators in early pregnancy were compared between the two groups. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors for preeclampsia. ResultsThe preeclampsia group had higher body weight, body mass index, basal systolic blood pressure, and basal diastolic blood pressure and fewer deliveries than the healthy group (all P＜0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, height, gestational week, number of pregnancy, maximal heart rate, minimal heart rate, average heart rate, standard deviation of the NN (R-R) intervals, root mean square of the differences between adjacent NN (R-R) intervals, the percentage of NN50 divided by the total number of NN (R-R) intervals, standard deviation of differences between adjacent NN intervals, total power, low frequency power, high frequency power, normalized low frequency power, normalized high frequency power, low frequency power/high frequency power, very low frequency power, ultra-low frequency power, high frequency power ratio, low frequency power ratio, very low frequency power ratio, ultra-low frequency power ratio, and total low frequency power ratio (all P＞0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that multiple deliveries was an independent protective factor for preeclampsia, and the high body mass index was an independent risk factor for preeclampsia (all P＜0.05). ConclusionBased on short-term heart rate variability analysis, abnormal cardiac autonomic nerve activity is not detected in patients with preeclampsia in early pregnancy. Multiple deliveries is an independent protective factor for preeclampsia, and a high body mass index is an independent risk factor for preeclampsia.

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